MD, Harvard Medical School (Massachusetts), 1960 Residency: Internal Medicine, Boston City Hospital (Massachusetts), 1960-1961 Allergy/Immunology (Clinical Associate), National Institutes of Health, 1962-1964 Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital (Maryland), 1961-1962, 1964-1965 Allergy/Immunology, National Institutes of Health (Maryland), 1966-1968 Clinical Interests: Defects in host defenses (complement), allergic and immunologic diseases, autoimmune diseases, hereditary angioedema The research of Dr. Frank's laboratory revolves around effector mechanisms of immune damage. Specifically, the laboratory is interested in understanding how antibody and complement contribute to the damage of tissues and micro-organisms. Overlapping areas of interest include the role of mediators in inflammation and the functions of antibody and complement in the production of autoimmune disease. Specific interests of the group in the last year have included studies of the mechanism by which infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin into animals and man down regulates immunologic damage. A second area of interest concerns the role of complement and antibody in the pathogenesis of HIV and in prevention of HIV infection. A third area concerns the role of complement in the generation of an immune response. A long term interest has been in the clinical signs and appropriate treatment of patients with hereditary angioedema. Publications: Frank, MM. 8. Hereditary angioedema. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2008;121:S398-S401. Abstract Frank, MM; Jiang, H. New therapies for hereditary angioedema: disease outlook changes dramatically. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2008;121:272-280. Abstract Atkinson, JP; Frank, MM. Bypassing complement: evolutionary lessons and future implications. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2006;116:1215-1218. Abstract Frank, MM; Atkinson, JP. Homozygous C1 inhibitor deficiency: The conclusion of a long search. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2006;118:1327-1329. Abstract Cunnion, KM; Benjamin, DK; Hester, CG; Frank, MM. Role of complement receptors 1 and 2 (CD35 and CD21), C3, C4, and C5 in survival by mice of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. 2004;143:358-365. Abstract Frank, MM. Hereditary angioedema: a half century of progress. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2004;114:626-628. Abstract Jiang, H; Wang, Z; Serra, D; Frank, MM; Amalfitano, A. Recombinant adenovirus vectors activate the alternative complement pathway, leading to the binding of human complement protein C3 independent of anti-ad antibodies. Molecular Therapy. 2004;10:1140-1142. Abstract Cunnion, KM; Frank, MM. Complement activation influences Staphylococcus aureus adherence to endothelial cells. Infection and immunity. 2003;71:1321-1327. Abstract Cunnion, KM; Zhang, HM; Frank, MM. Availability of complement bound to Staphylococcus aureus to interact with membrane complement receptors influences efficiency of phagocytosis. Infection and immunity. 2003;71:656-662. Abstract