Shengmin Xu received the PhD degree from the School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Australia, in 2018. He is currently an associate professor with the Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology, College of Computer and Cyber Security, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China. Previously, he was a senior research engineer with the School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, and a research fellow with the Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design. He has published more than 50 research papers in refereed international conferences and journals, such as ESORICS, ACSAC, AsiaCCS, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, and IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing. His research interests include cryptography and information security.