TheTailwardFlowofEnergeticNeutralAtomsObservedat Mars

msra

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摘要
TheASPERA-3experimentonMarsExpressprovidesthefirstmeasurementsofen- ergeticneutralatoms(ENAs)fromMars.Thesemeasurementsareusedtostudytheglobal structureoftheinteractionofthesolarwindwiththeMartianatmosphere. InthisstudywedescribethetailwardENAflowobservedatthenightsideofMars. AftercharacterizingenergyspectraofhydrogenENAsignals,wepresentcompositeim- agesoftheENAintensitiesandcomparethemtotheoreticalpredictions(empiricaland MHDmodels).WefindthatthetailwardflowofhydrogenENAsismainlygenerated byshockedsolarwindprotons.Despiteintensivesearch,nooxygenENAsabovethein- strumentthresholdaredetected.Theresultschallengeexistingplasmamodelsandcon- strainthehydrogenexosphericdensitiesandatmospherichydrogenandoxygenlossrates atlowsolaractivity.
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