SIMULATION OF THE ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON CDNC OVER EUROPE
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摘要
Summary We present simulations of CDNC and cloud drop effective radii over Europe, carried out with the coupled aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM and a detailed cloud processing parameterization. Simulated effective cloud drop radii agree relatively well with measurements, except in winter and over the Mediterranean Sea. Comparison with a simulation without anthropogenic emissions from Europe indicates that anthropogenic activities con- tribute upto 70% to CDNC over continental Europe and in the Mediterranean region. Pollution transports export the European anthropogenic influ- ence towards Asia and to the west coast of Northern Africa.The simulation results suggest an increase of the average cloud optical depth of ~35% over land and ~55% over the Mediterranean. These values, however, carry a large uncertainty because the simulated CDNC is highly sensitive to inaccura- cies in parameters that play a role in cloud activation and cloud chemistry.
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