Relative quantification of glycosaminoglycan-induced upregulation of TFPI-mRNA expression in vitro.

Objective: Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a multivalent Kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitor that plays a central role in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation and is mainly expressed by endothelial cells. In this study we examined the in vitro effects of heparin and other glycosaminoglycans on TFPI mRNA-expression in cultivated human endothelial (Ea.hy 926) and in chondrosarcoma (SW 1353) cells. Methods: We used a LightCycler-based method for relative quantification of the TFPI-mRNA expression before and after stimulation. The cells were stimulated with different concentrations of heparin (with and without addition of protamin), heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin-6-sulfate (CS). Cells were harvested after incubation times of 4, 8 and 24 h, total RNA was isolated, and cDNA was synthesized and quantified relatively to a constantly expressed housekeeping gene. Results: Stimulation of Ea.hy 926 cells with unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) caused a time- and dose-dependent upregulation of TFPI-mRNA expression with LMWH showing the stronger effect. In contrast to this, HS led to a strongly and CS to a slightly decreased TFPI-mRNA expression. SW 1353 cells which were stimulated with LMWH/UFH and HS/CS did not show a significant up- or downregulative effect. Conclusion: Our results show that we have developed a versatile method for the relative quantification of TFPI-mRNA expression. As a conclusion, the determined heparin-induced upregulation of TFPI-mRNA expression can be considered a major component of the modulation of the anticoagulant properties of the endothelium. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.