In vivo monitoring of Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria of mouse skeletal muscle during contraction
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY(2004)
摘要
Although the importance of mitochondria in pathophysiology has become increasingly evident, it remains unclear whether these organelles play a role in Ca2+ handling by skeletal muscle. This undefined situation is mainly due to technical limitations in measuring Ca2+ transients reliably during the contraction-relaxation cycle. Using two-photon microscopy and genetically expressed "cameleon" Ca2+ sensors, we developed a robust system that enables the measurement of both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in vivo. We show here for the first time that, in vivo and under highly physiological conditions, mitochondria in mammalian skeletal muscle take up Ca2+ during contraction induced by motor nerve stimulation and rapidly release it during relaxation. The mitochondrial Ca2+ increase is delayed by a few milliseconds compared with the cytosolic Ca2+ rise and occurs both during a single twitch and upon tetanic contraction.
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关键词
calcium,cameleon,in vivo,Na+/Ca2+ exchange,two-photon microscopy
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