The polo-like kinase Plx1 prevents premature inactivation of the APC Fizzy -dependent pathway in the early Xenopus cell cycle

Members of the polo-like family of protein kinases have been involved in the control of APC (anaphase-promoting complex) during the cell cycle, yet how they activate APC is not understood in any detail. In Xenopus oocytes, Ca 2+ -dependent degradation of cyclin B associated with release from arrest at second meiotic metaphase was demonstrated to require the polo-like kinase Plx1. The aim of the present study was to examine, beyond Ca 2+ -dependent resumption of meiosis, the possible role of Plx1 in the control of cyclin degradation during the early mitotic cell cycle. Plx1 was found to be dispensable for MPF to turn on the cyclin degradation machinery. However, it is required to prevent premature inactivation of the APC-dependent proteolytic pathway. Microcystin suppresses the requirement for Plx1 in both Ca 2+ -dependent exit from meiosis, associated with degradation of both cyclin B and A downstream of CaMK2 activation, and prevention of premature APC Fizzy inactivation in the early mitotic cell cycle. These results are consistent with the view that Plx1 antagonizes an unidentified microcystin-sensitive phosphatase that inactivates APC Fizzy .