Authentication algorithm based on hash-tree for web single sign-on

During the authentication process of web-based single sign-on system, it is insecure that all authentication messages are forwarded by the browser, and its integrity protection is not comprehensive. This vulnerability can be exploited by attackers to bypass the authentication systems, login any account. In this work we analyze the vulnerability threat model and its root causes in detail, and propose an authentication algorithm based on Hash-tree. This algorithm can not only improve the security of the system, but the processing efficiency of the system is also acceptable according to the simulation results.