The understanding of length-of-day variations from satellite gravity and laser ranging measurements

The change in the rate of the Earth's rotation, length-of-day (LOD), is principally the result of movement and redistribution of mass in the Earth's atmosphere, oceans and hydrosphere. Numerous studies on the LOD excitations have been made from climatological/hydrological assimilation systems and models of the general circulation of the ocean. However, quantitative assessment and understanding of ...