Distance Protection of Lines Emanating From Full-Scale Converter-Interfaced Renewable Energy Power Plants—Part I: Problem Statement

The fault ride-through (FRT) requirement of modern grid codes results in interactions between full-scale converter-interfaced renewable energy power plants (CIREPPs) and the protection systems of high-voltage transmission grids, which normally involve distance elements either as the primary or the backup relay. Such interactions are influenced by the CIREPPs' exclusive fault behavior, and have bee...