Risk of chronic kidney disease after cancer nephrectomy

Key Points Partial nephrectomy preserves renal function in the long term and is currently the preferred standard of care for small renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) Evidence for a beneficial effect of nephron-sparing approaches versus radical nephrectomy for RCC on long-term chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated morbidity and overall survival is inconclusive and controversial The quantity and integrity of the preserved renal parenchyma after nephrectomy are important predictors of long-term renal outcomes Renal tumours and CKD share intrinsic kidney risk factors and systemic comorbidities and a bi-directional relationship between RCC and CKD has been proposed Further research is needed to quantify the perioperative risks and potential long-term benefits of nephron-sparing surgery for RCC A prediction model to identify patients at risk of oncological and nononcological morbidity and mortality after nephrectomy would help personalize the management of patients with small RCCs