The optical instrumentation of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter

J Abdallah,P Adragna,C Alexa, Rosa De Belem Das Neves Alves,P Amaral,A Ananiev,K J Anderson, X Andresen, A Antonaki,V Batusov,P Bednar,E Bergeaas, C Biscarat,O Blanch,G Blanchot,Christian Bohm, V Boldea,F Bosi,M Bosman,C Bromberg,J Budagov,D Calvet,C Cardeira, T Carli,J Carvalho,M Cascella,M V Castillo, J Costelo, M Cavallisforza,V Cavasinni,A S Cerqueira,Christophe Clement,M Cobal,F Cogswell,S Constantinescu,D Costanzo,P Da Silva,M David,T Davidek, James Dawson,K De,T Del Prete, E Diakov,B Di Girolamo, S Dita,J Dolejsi,Z Dolezal, A Dotti,R Downing,G Drake,I Efthymiopoulos, D Errede, S Errede, A Farbin,D Fassouliotis,Eric Feng, A B Fenyuk,C Ferdi, B C Ferreira,A Ferrer,V Flaminio,J Flix,P Francavilla,E Fullana,V Garde,Karl Gellerstedt, V Giakoumopoulou,Vincent Giangiobbe,O Gildemeister,V Gilewsky, N Giokaris,N Gollub,A Gomes, Victor Gonzalez,Josivanda P G De Gouveia,P Grenier,P Gris,V J Guarino, C Guicheney, Anik Gupta,H Hakobyan, M J Haney,S Hellman,A Henriques,E Higon,N F Hill, S O Holmgren,I Hruska,Martina Hurwitz,J Huston,I Jenla Plante,Kerstin Jonand, T R Junk,A N Karyukhin, J Khubua, J Klereborn,V F Konstantinov,S V Kopikov, I Korolkov,P Krivkova,Y Kulchitsky,Y A Kurochkin,P Kuzhir, V Lapin, T Lecompte,R Lefevre,R Leitner, Jeff Li,M Liablin,M Lokajicek,Yu F Lomakin, P Lourtie,L Lovas,A Lupi, C Maidantchik,Ana Zeferina Ferreira Maio,S Maliukov,A Manousakis,C N Marques, F Marroquim,F Martin,E Mazzoni, F S Merritt,A Miagkov,R Miller, I A Minashvili,L Miralles,G Montarou,S Nemecek, M Nessi,I Nikitine, L Nodulman,O Norniella,A Onofre,M J Oreglia,B Palan, D Pallin, D Pantea,Ana Carolina Da Silva Pereira, J E Pilcher,J Pina, J Pinhao, E Pod, F Podlyski,X Portell,J Poveda,L Pribyl,L E Price,J Proudfoot,Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho,Magnus Ramstedt, L Raposeiro, Jessica S Dos Reis,R Richards,C Roda,V M Romanov, P Rosnet, Priyadarsi D Roy,A Ruiz, V Rumiantsau,N Russakovich,J Sa Da Costa,O Salto,B Salvachua,E Sanchis,H Sanders, C Santoni, Jose Ferreira Dos Santos,J G Saraiva, F Sarri,L P Says,G Schlager,J L Schlereth,J Seixas,B Sellden,N Shalanda,P Shevtsov, M Shochet,J Silva,V Simaitis,Margar Simonyan,A N Sissakian,J Sjoelin, C A Solans,A A Solodkov,O Solovianov, M Sosebee,F Spano,P Speckmeyer, Richard P Stanek, E A Starchenko, Pavel Starovoitov,Michal Suk,I Sykora, Fuktan Tang,P Tas, R J Teuscher, M Tischenko,S Tokar, N D Topilin, Julia Do Amaral Torres,D G Underwood,G Usai,A Valero, S Valkar,J Valls, A Vartapetian, F Vazeille,C Vellidis, Francisco Ventura, I Vichou,I Vivarelli,M Volpi,A White,A M Zaitsev, Yu Zaytsev, A V Zenin,T Zenis,Z Zenonos,Seth Conrad Zenz,B Zilka

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION（2013）

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摘要

The Tile Calorimeter, covering the central region of the ATLAS experiment up to pseudorapidities of +/-1.7, is a sampling device built with scintillating tiles that alternate with iron plates. The light is collected in wave-length shifting (WLS) fibers and is read out with photomultipliers. In the characteristic geometry of this calorimeter the tiles lie in planes perpendicular to the beams, resulting in a very simple and modular mechanical and optical layout. This paper focuses on the procedures applied in the optical instrumentation of the calorimeter, which involved the assembly of about 460,000 scintillator tiles and 550,000 WLS fibers. The outcome is a hadronic calorimeter that meets the ATLAS performance requirements, as shown in this paper.

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关键词

Calorimeters,Calorimeter methods,Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators)

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