Synthesis of VBO 3 –carbon composite by ball-milling and microwave heating and its electrochemical properties as negative electrode material of lithium ion batteries

Ball-milling and subsequent microwave heating processes have been applied to synthesize VBO3–C composite. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods. The VBO3–C composite was successfully prepared after 30min ball-milling and 13min microwave heating. The synthesized VBO3–C composite was composed of well crystallized VBO3 particles with well dispersed amorphous carbon and exhibited higher reversible capacity (625mAhg−1) and improved cyclic performance than those in previous study.