Impact of simultaneous pancreatic-kidney transplantation in patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPAR) transplantation in the 21st century has become an established therapy for the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This Practice has evolved over the last two decades. Refinements in technique and skills, better organ preservation facilities, and more effective immunosuppressive therapies have improved the outcome of SPAR. Although, it is a major invasive procedure, successful transplantation leads to an overall improvement in the quality of life, freedom from insulin and dialysis along with improvement in the multi-system complications associated with long-term diabetes. In this review we have discussed the current status of SPAR and its outcome in comparison to the other therapeutic modalities for patients with insulin-dependent DM and ESRD.