Optical Electron-Nuclear Resonance in Semiconductors

A considerable number of investigations have by now been made on optical pumping of spin-oriented electrons in semiconductors. The optical-pumping method makes it possible to produce easily a high polarization of the electron spins in the conduction band, and to detect it optically [1–3]. The use of this method for the investigation of semiconductors turned out to be very fruitful; the spin orientation of the minority [1–3] and majority [4] carriers was determined, the lifetimes of the non-equilibrium electrons were measured [2, 3, 5], the mechanisms of spin relaxation of “cold” [2, 5] and “hot” [2, 6] electrons were investigated, spin orientation of excitons was effected [7], and electron paramagnetic resonance with non-equilibrium electrons was registered [8].