Effectiveness, Safety, and Sustainability of a Hand Water Pump Among Women Vegetable Farmers in the Gambia
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE(2011)
摘要
Women vegetable farmers (n = 48) in West Africa engaged in timed trials with a hand water pump and traditional water lifting methods. Use of the water pump increased the mean time required to lift water by 14% (p 0.01), compared to traditional lifting. Average and maximum heart rates increased by 7% and 6%, respectively (each p 0.01), compared to traditional water lifting. Discomfort and injury indicators were consistently better for the pump. Two months later, most subjects reported that the water pump was safer (65%), faster (77%), and was preferred (77%). Manual water pumps should be comprehensively evaluated for efficiency and long-term sustainability.
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关键词
hand water pump,Africa,vegetable farming,women,worker health
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