Capacity allocation and coordination issues for the timely processing of outsourced operations
Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering(2014)
摘要
We consider dynamic capacity booking problems faced by multiple manufacturers each outsourcing certain operations to a common third-party firm. Each manufacturer, upon observing the current state of the third-party schedule, books capacity with the objective to jointly minimize holding costs that result from early deliveries, tardiness penalties due to late deliveries, and third-party capacity booking costs. When making a reservation, each manufacturer evaluates two alternative courses of action: (i) reserving capacity not yet utilized by other manufactures who booked earlier; or (ii) forming a coalition with a subset or all of other manufacturers to achieve a schedule minimizing coalition costs, i.e., a centralized schedule for that coalition. The latter practice surely benefits the coalition as a whole; however, some manufacturers may incur higher costs if their operations are either pushed back too much, or delivered too early. For this reason, a cost allocation scheme making each manufacturer no worse than they would be when acting differently (i.e., participating in a smaller coalition or acting on their own behalf,) must accompany centralized scheduling for the coalition. We model this relationship among the manufacturers as a cooperative game with transferable utility, and present optimal and/or heuristic algorithms to attain individually and coalitionally optimal schedules as well as a linear program formulation to find a core allocation of the manufacturers’ costs.
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关键词
Outsourcing,scheduling,capacity allocation,cooperative games
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