Detection of Pneumocystis carinii sequences in serum by polymerase chain reaction: Clinical application in two patients with P. carinii pneumonia

We evaluated the clinical significance of the detection of P. carinii DNA in serum obtained from 2 patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia that was diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy. P. carinii DNA in serum was monitored by a polymerase chain reaction before and after treatment. P. carinii DNA was detected at the onset of P. carinii pneumonia and disappeared after the treatment. We conclude that the detection of P. carinii DNA in serum by using polymerase chain reaction may provide useful information for identifying and monitoring P. carinii pneumonia.