The Treatment of Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplantation: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Newer studies evaluating Rituximab showed little or no difference to early graft survival, and the efficacy of bortezomib and complement inhibitors for the treatment of AMR remains unclear. Despite the evidence uncertainty, plasmapheresis and IVIG have become standard-of-care for the treatment of acute AMR.