Anti-Müllerian hormone: a critical factor for female fertility and reproductive health.

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced by the granulosa cells of preantral and small antral follicles. AMH concentrations reflect ovarian physiology with high precision, thus serving as a more sensitive marker of the ovarian reserve than chronological age. This hormone plays a role in the pathogenesis of menstrual disorders and fertility in both obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome. The evaluation of AMH may also be useful in diagnosing or monitoring therapy of granulosa cell ovarian tumors.