Differential and Predictive Value of Galectin-3 and Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: Galectin-3 and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) are promising biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis and ventricular remodeling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic and predictive value of galectin-3 and sST2 for use in patients who have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Material/Methods: A total of 217 hospitalized patients with HF and 30 controls from a physical examination center were included. Venous blood was collected for the detection of circulating expression of galectin-3 and sST2. All the included patients were followed up regularly for 1 year (12 +/- 1 months). Results: The concentrations of galectin-3 and NT-proBNP were substantially higher following decreased ejection fraction (both P=0.000), except for sST2 (P=0.068 vs. control). In ROC analyses, galectin-3 and NT-proBNP distinguished HFpEF from controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.819 (95% CI: 0.75-0.89, P=0.000) and 0.806 (95% CI: 0.66-0.82, P=0.000). In contrast, sST2 obtained a lower AUC of 0.584 (95% CI: 0.49-0.68, P=0.17) compared to galectni-3 and NT-proBNP. After adjustment for clinical factors and NT-proBNP, galectin-3 was strongly correlated with an increased risk of the endpoint events in HFpEF patients, and the hazard ratio per 1 SD increase of the galectin-3 level was 2.33 (95% CI: 1.72-2.94, P=0.009). Conclusions: Galectin-3 is superior to sST2 in distinguishing HFpEF from controls and HFrEF.