[O-Methyl-C-11]N-(4-(4-(3-Chloro-2-Methoxyphenyl)-Piperazin-1-Yl)Butyl)- 1h-Indole-2-Carboxamide ([C-11]Bak4-51) Is An Efflux Transporter Substrate And Ineffective For Pet Imaging Of Brain D-3 Receptors In Rodents And Monkey

Selective high-affinity antagonists for the dopamine D-3 receptor (D3R) are sought for treating substance use disorders. Positron emission tomography (PET) with an effective D3R radioligand could be a useful tool for the development of such therapeutics by elucidating pharmacological specificity and target engagement in vivo. Currently, a D3R-selective radioligand does not exist. The D3R ligand, N-(4-(4-(3-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (BAK4-51, 1), has attractive properties for PET radioligand development, including full antagonist activity, very high D3R affinity, D3R selectivity, and moderate lipophilicity. We labeled 1 with the positron-emitter carbon-11 (t(1/2) = 20.4 min) in the methoxy group for evaluation as a radioligand in animals with PET. However, [C-11]1 was found to be an avid substrate for brain efflux transporters and lacked D3R-specific signal in rodent and monkey brain in vivo.