1,3,5-Triazine-based polymer: synthesis, characterization and application for immobilization of silver nanoparticles

Six s-triazine-based polymers were prepared through the nucleophilic reaction of 2,4-dichloro-6-substituted s-triazine derivatives with 1,4-diaminobutane employing conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The prepared polymers were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The microwave irradiation provides the target polymers in less reaction time with higher yields and purities; the results from the TGA revealed that microwave technique enhanced the thermal behavior of the prepared polymers. The effect of substituent on the thermal stability of polymers has the main factor, where incorporation of the aromatic ring on the triazine core in the prepared polymers increased their thermal stability. As a model for immobilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), p-methoxy-s-triazine- 1,4-butadiamine (BDPMA) copolymer was used as an example in the presence and absence of hydrazine-hydrate. AgNPs were characterized by zeta potential, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Best results in term of particle size was obtained by using BDPMA in the absence of hydrazine hydrate, where the particle size of AgNPs was less than 20 nm as observed from TEM. Graphical Abstract