A High-Accuracy TOA-Based Localization Method Without Time Synchronization in a Three-Dimensional Space.

Time-of-arrival (TOA) is a widely used localization technique in robotic localization systems. However, TOA-based methods require strict time synchronization between the source (target) and sensors (receivers), which significantly influences the localization accuracy. In this paper, we propose an iterative Time-of-arrival (iTOA) localization technique to eliminate the time synchronization error in...