Pradoshia Eiseniae Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., A Spore-Forming Member Of The Family Bacillaceae Capable Of Assimilating 3-Nitropropionic Acid, Isolated From The Anterior Gut Of The Earthworm Eisenia Fetida

A Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming bacterium, EAG3(T), capable of growing on 3-nitropropionic acid as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy, was isolated from the anterior gut of an earthworm (Eisenia fetida) reared at the Centre of Floriculture and Agribusiness Management of the University of North Bengal at Siliguri (26.7072 degrees N, 88.3558 degrees E), West Bengal, India. The DNA G+C content of strain EAG3(T) was 42.5 mol%. Strain EAG3(T) contained MK-7 and MK-8 as predominant menaquinones. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The major cellular fatty acids were 13-methyltetradecanoic acid, (9Z)-9-hexadecen-1-ol, 12-methyltetradecanoic acid and 14-methylpentadecanoic acid. The draft genome of strain EAG3(T), distributed in 57 contigs, was found to be 3.8 Mb. A total of 3811 potential coding sequences or genes were predicted, including 3672 protein-coding and 108 RNA-coding ones together with 31 pseudogenes. One hundred and thirty-five genes encoded hypothetical proteins with no meaningful homologies with known proteins. The EAG3(T) genome encompassed two nitronate monooxygenase and one methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA acylating) homologues. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogeny revealed that the closest relative of strain EAG3(T) was Bacillus methanolicus NCIMB 13113(T) (95.7 % similarity). Phylogenetic, physiological and biochemical characteristics differentiated strain EAG3(T) from B. methanolicus, as well as from the other close taxonomic relatives Planococcus rifietoensis M8(T), Bhargavaea cecembensis DSE10(T), Planomicrobium flavidum ISL-41(T) and Fermentibacillus polygoni IEB3(T), with which strain EAG3(T) had 93.3-94.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities. The new isolate, therefore, was considered as representing a novel genus of family Bacillaceae, for which the name Pradoshia eiseniae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with EAG3(T) (=LMG 30312(T)=JCM 32460(T)) as the type strain.