Non-anticoagulant effects of low molecular weight heparins in inflammatory disorders: A review

•Major advances in the development of anti-inflammatory low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs), preclinical and clinical studies as well as possible underlying molecular mechanisms of actions have been summarized.•The activities of commercially available LMWHs have been compared to highlight different anti-inflammatory effects in LMWHs produced using different manufacturing processes.•The importance of structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on the non-anticoagulant effects of LMWHs was stressed, and strategies for exploring new clinical indications were discussed.