Neurobiological consequences of juvenile stress: A GABAergic perspective on risk and resilience

•Childhood stress is an important risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder.•Juvenile stress in rodents models human childhood stress.•Juvenile stress induces long-term alterations in GABAergic neurotransmission.•Some GABAergic changes may relate to allostasis rather than behavioral impairments.•Behavioral profiling tools allow to dissect resilience- and pathology-related changes.