Retina stimulation on rat in vivo with low-frequency ultrasound

More and more researches are exploring the neurostimulation effect of ultrasound (US) on the central nervous system (e.g. brain and retina) and the peripheral nervous system (such as skin). US stimulation has been regarded as a new noninvasive neurostimulation approach by many researchers. Our previous studies had shown that the temporal response patterns of RGCs could be stimulated by US in vitro. In this article, we apply low-frequency (2.25 MHz) focused US stimulation to the rat retina in vivo to investigate the effect on the primary visual cortex.