MOST OF THE NORTH EAST INDIAN STRAINS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI ARE CAG A POSITIVE AND SENSITIVE TOWARDS THE COMMONLY USED ANTIBIOTICS.

Helicobacter pylori is a gram negative microaerophilic gastric pathogen which causes various gastro duodenal diseases including gastric cancer. The various virulent genes of H pylori (cag A, vacA, tip alpha, babA, iceA1 & A2) play important role in causing various gastric diseases. The prevalence of gastro duodenal diseases and cancers is high in the North-East region of India as compare to Norn India. In our study 404 biopsies were collected from the patients suffering from various gastro duodenal diseases in Guwahati & Mizoram and were transported to Amity University in Transport media, PBS, Formalin on dry ice. Total of 143 isolates were H pylori positive by urease PCR. 11 isolates by culture based method, 61 genomic DNA isolates positive for HP were transported in PBS and the histopathology was done for 219 samples which were transported in formalin out of 219,118 were positive for H. pylori as per the Sydney classification. Out of 118 histopathology HP positive isolates 71 were positive for Urease and 16s rRNA gene. Genotyping of cagA and vacA was done for all the urease positive isolates. 142 strains were positive for cagA, vacA, and 1 strain with vacA s2m2, cagA negative. 90% of the strains were cagA type A. Anitibiogram profiling was also done for the positive isolates by culture method for all the 11 isolates and molecular typing, sequence analysis of 23s rRNA gene, gyrase gene, rdx and frx gene was done from the genomic DNA which were transported in PBS and Formalin. 90% of the strains were sensitive towards the metronidazole, levofloxacin and almost 100% of the isolates were sensitive towards Amoxicilin, Furazoledone, Tetracyclin and Clathromycin. In the present study the result demonstrated that the most of the H pylori strains were cagA positive with cagA type A and sensitive toward the commonly used antibiotics which are been used for the treatment regime as compare to the strains of North India were the prevalence of cag A is less than 50 % and 50% of the strains were resistant towards metronidazole and levofloxacin.