IVC Resection with Prosthesis Replacement for Recurrent Leiomyosarcoma

Inferior vena cava (IVC) leiomyosarcoma (LY) is a rare tumor with poor prognosis and recurring in one third of patients, radical surgery represents the only chance of cure.Whether caval flow has to be reestablished with IVC reconstruction is a matter of debate as well as neoadjuvant therapy.We herein present a case of recurrent IVC LY managed with caval resection and reconstruction with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) prosthesis and left lateral liver resection for suspected metastases.Although the patient experienced a prosthesis occlusion and transient renal failure, at 24 months' follow-up is recurrence free with a normal renal function and no sign of lower limbs edema.