An X-band radio channel model for propagation through the solar corona

Spacecraft communication systems operating at X band are strongly affected when the propagation path passes close to the Sun (which can be characterized by the Sun-Earth-Probe, SEP, angle). In this paper, a channel model that can generate a time series of signal amplitude and phase, and hence the signal in-phase and quadrature values, is presented. For X band, the channel model reproduces the obse...