Mechanical and biological properties of bioglass/magnesium composites prepared via microwave sintering route

Control of degradation rate remains the primary issue in osteosynthesis applications of magnesium (Mg). To improve the corrosion behavior and bioactivity of Mg, bioglass (BG, 45S5) was selected as the filler to reinforce pure Mg. For the first time, the bioglass reinforced Mg (BG/Mg) composites were fabricated by the microwave sintering method to reduce the possible chemical reactions between bioglass and Mg. Measurements of mechanical properties reveal that the as-prepared BG/Mg composites demonstrate significantly higher microhardness, better compressive and flexural properties than pure Mg and that the BG/Mg composite with 10wt% bioglass has the best mechanical properties among all composite samples. Immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C reveal that the BG/Mg composites exhibit lower hydrogen evolution than pure Mg. In addition, the pH value in the SBF containing BG/Mg composites is closer to neutrality as compared to pure Mg, indicating stronger corrosion resistance. Preliminary cell studies demonstrate that the cell viability and ALP activity of BG/Mg composites are higher than pure Mg. The results confirm that the BG/Mg composite containing 10wt% possesses the best mechanical and biological properties, which make it a promising material for bone fixation and tissue engineering.