Paternal grandmothers benefit the most from expressing affection to grandchildren: An extension of evolutionary and sociological research

This study explored how type of grandparent is related to grandparents’ affectionate communication and grandchildren’s relational closeness to grandparents. We predicted that grandchildren would be closest to and receive the most affection from maternal grandmothers, followed by maternal grandfathers, paternal grandmothers, and paternal g...More