A brainstorm on the systematics of Turnera (Turneraceae, Malpighiales) caused by insights from molecular phylogenetics and morphological evolution.

•This is the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study of the genus Turnera.•Turnera is not monophyletic and is recircumscribed here.•Oxossia, a new genus with 15 spp. from Atlantic forest, is proposed.•The ancestral flower of Turnera was solitary, yellow, and heterostylous.•Turnera infrageneric classification is revised based on morphological synapomrphies.