Compensation Ability between the Chromosomes of Homoeologous Group 7 of Triticum aestivum L. and Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Hudson (2 n = 28) and Analysis of the Transmission Frequency of Alien 7H 1 L mar Chromosome through Gametes in the Progeny of Wheat–Barley Substitution Lines

On the basis of directed chromosome substitution, ditelosomic (DT) wheat–barley substitution lines (2 n = 42 = 40 + 2t) with participation of wild tetraploid barley Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Hudson (2 n = 28) were first obtained and analyzed. GISH analysis of the substitution lines showed that they carried a pair of telocentric barley chromosomes. With the help of ditelosomic analysis, the lines were identified as DT7H I L mar (7A) and DT7H I L mar (7B). On the basis of the compensation test and the study of meiotic stability of substitution lines, it was demonstrated that 7H I L mar chromosome of H. marinum was homoeologous to the group 7 chromosomes of common wheat. Analysis of the gamete transfer frequency in the progeny of reciprocal hybrids between F 1 7A-7H I L mar , 7B-7H I L mar , 7D-7H I L mar and Saratovskaya 29 cultivar showed that the gamete with alien chromosome n = 20 + t successfully competed with euploid gamete n = 21 in both macrosporogenesis and microsporogenesis.