Presence Of Vacuoles In Natural Rubber-Cloisite 15a Nanocomposites

We studied natural rubber (NR) filled with frequently used organoclay Cloisite 15A using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryoporosimetry, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Quantitative analysis of the TEM micrographs showed a high level of dispersion without the formation of a rigid filler network. The presence of vacuoles was established on the surface of Cloisite 15A; this indicated weak filler-matrix interactions. The mechanism of reinforcement is, therefore, discussed. The volume of vacuoles was found to be proportional to the crosslinking density; this was confirmed with ESR spin-probe method. The shape of the ESR spectra was highly influenced by the presence of vacuoles. In the NR-Cloisite 10A nanocomposites, vacuoles were absent. The strong interactions implied by this result were confirmed by ESR measurements and are discussed further. (c) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44776.