Utilizing the 2017–2018 seasonal influenza vaccine as a treatment for cancer

In recent years, immunotherapy has yielded increased survival for cancer patients; however, a significant percentage of patient tumors remain refractory to immunotherapy. This is due in part to the absence of an inflamed tumor microenvironment. In our effort to utilize anti-pathogen vaccination to recruit immune cells to un-infiltrated (cold) tumors, we observed that intratumoral injection of influenza A/PR8/H1N1 lysate (but not live virus) reduced B16-F10 melanoma growth ( p p