Factors related to the risk of pedestrian fatality after a crash in Spain, 1993–2013

•Associations were estimated between pedestrian fatality and other factors.•Pedestrian risk of death after a crash increased exponentially with age.•Drivers’ visual defects were associated with a 21% higher risk of pedestrian fatality.•More than one person in the vehicle increased pedestrian risk of death.•Reinforce the assessment of drivers’ visual acuity would be an advisable strategy.