Shoulder and elbow evaluation of pitchers in National High School Baseball Invitational Tournaments and National High School Baseball Championships from 1993 to 2016 in Japan.

The percentages of pitchers with symptomatic shoulders and elbows in NHSBITs and those with symptomatic elbows in NHSBCs have decreased over the 23 years. However, the increased frequency of residual medial humeral epicondyle apophyseopathy should be noted.