Enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells via interface modification

Interface modification is an effective strategy to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, edible materials like glycerol and choline chloride were used to modify the surface of hole transport layer (HTL) NiO x . CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ) film fabricated on the modified NiO x has a smoother surface and more uniform grains. It enables an improvement in short-circuit current density ( J SC ) of PSC from 17.77 ± 0.18 to 20.35 ± 0.36 mA cm −2 , leading to an enhancement of power conversion efficiency from 13.37 to 15.25%. The work mechanism of glycerol and choline chloride modification was discussed. Our work provides an efficient and environmentally friendly choice for interface modification.