Congestion Managment For Cost-Effective Power Grid Load Balancing Using Facts And Energy Storage Devices Allocated Via Grid Curvature Means

A new method for congestion management is introduced based on a new concept of graph curvature. Fundamentally, a new curvature concept is presented and utilized to detect congestion within the power grid. From the premise that a negative curvature property means that the grid is prone to congestion in the sense that some lines carry a significant amount of power compared to the other lines, the congested lines are identified using a novel curvature-driven centrality measure. Once the congested areas/lines are identified, methods to control/mitigate congestion via curvature maximization are presented and revolve around the idea of deploying FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System) devices and extra loads-storage elements-that drain the power overflow away from the congestion areas in such a way as to minimize the cost of energy production while maintaining stability via phase angle and voltage constraints. The same method also embodies control/mitigation of line loading relative to their thermal ratings, by incorporating constraints on the power flowing through the lines.