Multimodal Pssma-Functionalized Gdf3 : Eu3+(Tb3+) Nanoparticles For Luminescence Imaging, Mri, And X-Ray Computed Tomography

Biocompatible poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid)-stabilized GdF3 : Eu3+(Tb3+) nanoparticles were obtained by a one-step coprecipitation method in ethylene glycol or water. The particles are very small (3 nm), have a narrow size distribution, and were detectable by fluorescence, magnetic resonance, and X-ray contrast imaging. These properties allow multimodal imaging, which has prospective applications in the simultaneous and detailed detection of diseased tissues.