Incivility and the use of systems thinking to promote healthy voluntary organisations

Incivility in voluntary organisations is critically burdensome on a global level, but there is a dearth of literature on how to contend with the problem. This paper provides a description and an evaluation of and reflection on a workshop conducted to propose an evidence-based systems awareness model (SAM) for volunteers in professional organisations to use in mitigating incivility. Implications of the SAM model for a culture of caring in the voluntary sector are described.