Properties of Cosmic Helium Isotopes Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.

M Aguilar,L Ali Cavasonza,G Ambrosi,L Arruda,N Attig, A Bachlechner, F Barao,A Barrau, L Barrin,A Bartoloni,S Başeğmez-du Pree,R Battiston,U Becker, M Behlmann,B Beischer,J Berdugo,B Bertucci,V Bindi,W de Boer,K Bollweg,B Borgia,M J Boschini, M Bourquin,E F Bueno,J Burger,W J Burger, X D Cai,M Capell,S Caroff,J Casaus,G Castellini,F Cervelli,Y H Chang, G M Chen,H S Chen,Y Chen,L Cheng, H Y Chou,V Choutko,C H Chung,C Clark, G Coignet,C Consolandi, A Contin,C Corti,Z Cui, K Dadzie, Y M Dai,A Datta,C Delgado,S Della Torre,M B Demirköz,L Derome,S Di Falco,V Di Felice,C Díaz, F Dimiccoli,P von Doetinchem,F Dong, F Donnini,M Duranti, A Egorov, A Eline,J Feng,E Fiandrini,P Fisher,V Formato,Y Galaktionov,C Gámez, R J García-López,C Gargiulo,H Gast, I Gebauer,M Gervasi,F Giovacchini, D M Gómez-Coral,J Gong,C Goy,V Grabski,D Grandi,M Graziani, K H Guo,S Haino, K C Han,Z H He, T H Hsieh,H Huang,Z C Huang,M Incagli, W Y Jang,Yi Jia,H Jinchi, K Kanishev,B Khiali,G N Kim,Th Kirn, M Konyushikhin,O Kounina,A Kounine,V Koutsenko, A Kulemzin,G La Vacca, E Laudi,G Laurenti,I Lazzizzera, A Lebedev,H T Lee,S C Lee,J Q Li,Q Li, T X Li,Z H Li,C Light,C H Lin,T Lippert,Z Liu,S Q Lu,Y S Lu, K Luebelsmeyer,F Luo, J Z Luo,Xi Luo, S S Lyu, F Machate, C Mañá,J Marín,T Martin,G Martínez,N Masi,D Maurin,A Menchaca-Rocha,Q Meng, D C Mo, M Molero, P Mott, L Mussolin,T Nelson, J Q Ni,N Nikonov,F Nozzoli,A Oliva,M Orcinha,M Palermo, F Palmonari,M Paniccia, A Pashnin,M Pauluzzi, S Pensotti,H D Phan,V Plyaskin,V Poireau,S Poluianov, A Popkow,X M Qi,X Qin, Z Y Qu,L Quadrani,P G Rancoita, D Rapin,A Reina Conde,S Rosier-Lees,A Rozhkov,D Rozza,R Sagdeev,S Schael,S M Schmidt,A Schulz von Dratzig, G Schwering,E S Seo, B S Shan,J Y Shi, T Siedenburg, C Solano, J W Song,Z T Sun,M Tacconi, X W Tang,Z C Tang,J Tian,Samuel C C Ting, S M Ting,N Tomassetti,J Torsti,C Tüysüz,T Urban,I Usoskin,V Vagelli,R Vainio, E Valente,E Valtonen,M Vázquez Acosta,M Vecchi,M Velasco, J P Vialle,L Q Wang,N H Wang,Q L Wang,X Wang,X Q Wang, Z X Wang,J Wei, Z L Weng,H Wu,R Q Xiong,W Xu,Q Yan,Y Yang,H Yi,Y J Yu, Z Q Yu,M Zannoni, S Zeissler,C Zhang,F Zhang,J H Zhang,Z Zhang,F Zhao,Z M Zheng,H L Zhuang,V Zhukov, A Zichichi,N Zimmermann,P Zuccon

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS（2019）

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摘要

Precision measurements by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station of He-3 and He-4 fluxes are presented. The measurements are based on 100 million He-4 nuclei in the rigidity range from 2.1 to 21 GV and 18 million He-3 from 1.9 to 15 GV collected from May 2011 to November 2017. We observed that the He-3 and He-4 fluxes exhibit nearly identical variations with time. The relative magnitude of the variations decreases with increasing rigidity. The rigidity dependence of the He-3/He-4 flux ratio is measured for the first time. Below 4 GV, the He-3/He-4 flux ratio was found to have a significant long-term time dependence. Above 4 GV, the He-3/He-4 flux ratio was found to be time independent, and its rigidity dependence is well described by a single power law proportional to R-Delta with Delta = 0.294 0.004. Unexpectedly, this value is in agreement with the B/O and B/C spectral indices at high energies.

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