Pharmacological manipulations of judgement bias: a systematic review and meta-analysis

•Pharmacological manipulations of affective state alter judgement bias.•The effect of the manipulations was greatest at the probe cues and negative reference cue. Multiple probe cues are recommended for future judgement bias studies.•Anxiogenics and depressants have greater effects than antidepressants and anxiolytics.•Antidepressant drugs targeting the adrenergic system induce a negative judgement bias.