Provision of Inhaled Corticosteroids is Associated with Decrease in Hospital Admissions in Brazil: A Longitudinal Nationwide Study

OBJECTIVE:To describe trends of hospital admissions due to asthma from 2008 to 2015 and to evaluate their relationship with trends of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) provision by the government in Brazil.METHODS:We used Brazilian Government data to calculate hospital admission rates due to asthma, number of physicians, number of hospital beds, number of subjects that received ICS per 100,000 inhabitants in Brazil and in each of its municipalities for each year of the study. We performed Poisson Multilevel Regression Analyses to evaluate the relationship between the trends of hospital admission rates due to asthma with the trends of the number of subjects that had been receiving ICS during the study period. The analyses were adjusted for the number of physicians and hospital beds.FINDINGS:The number of patients who received ICS/100,000 inhabitants increased from 2008 to 2015 (943.9-1988.5). Hospital admissions/100,000 inhabitants decreased in patients aged 5-14 years (148.3-110.9) and in patients aged 15-39 years (59.9-32.3); the reduction was greater in municipalities in which ICS provision increased. The number of physicians/100,000 inhabitants increased and the number of hospital beds/100,000 inhabitants decreased in the study period. The increase in the number of physicians and in the number of subjects that received ICS were associated with reduction in hospital admissions.CONCLUSION:We found that provision of ICS by the Brazilian Government was associated with a decrease of hospital admissions for asthma in the municipalities and country levels from 2008 to 2015.