Generative Adversarial Capsule Network With ConvLSTM for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Recently, deep learning has been widely applied in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification since it can extract high-level spatial-spectral features. However, deep learning methods are restricted due to the lack of sufficient annotated samples. To address this problem, this letter proposes a novel generative adversarial network (GAN) for HSI classification that can generate artificial samples for data augmentation to improve the HSI classification performance with few training samples. In the proposed network, a new discriminator is designed by exploiting capsule network (CapsNet) and convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM), which extracts the low-level features and combines them together with local space sequence information to form the high-level contextual features. In addition, a structured sparse L _2,1 constraint is imposed on sample generation to control the modes of data being generated and achieve more stable training. The experimental results on two real HSI data sets show that the proposed method can obtain better classification performance than the several state-of-the-art deep classification methods.