The association between sex, race, diabetes, and smoking and the risk of incident peripheral artery disease among 164,000 veterans with normal ankle-brachial index testing at baseline

There are no large national cohorts examining the incidence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) among participants previously tested for PAD by ankle-brachial index (ABI) at baseline. Such data are critical as prevalent PAD often goes unrecognized. We analyzed 164,441 participants in the Veterans