Pancreaticoduodenectomy Following Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Choledochoduodenostomy with Electrocautery-Enhanced Lumen-Apposing Stents an ACHBT - SFED Study

Background: After ERCP failure or if ERCP is declined for preoperative biliary drainage before pancreaticoduodenectomy, endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) with electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing stents (ECE-LAMS) might be needed. The aim of the present study was to assess the technical feasibility and short-term outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) following endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) with electrocauteryenhanced lumen-apposing stents (ECE-LAMS). Methods: A retrospective study of all EUS-CDS procedures with ECE-LAMS followed by PD performed in France since the availability of the device in 2016. Results: 21 patients underwent PD in 9 departments of surgery following EUS-CDS with ECE-LAMS. The median bilirubin level at endoscopic procedure was 292 mmol/L. A 6 mm diameter stent was used in 20 cases. No complications occurred during the procedure. During the waiting time, 1 patient had an acute pancreatitis post ERCP and 3 patients developed cholangitis, treated by either an additional percutaneous biliary drainage, or an endoscopic procedure to extract a bezoar occluding the stent, or antibiotics, respectively. PD with a curative intent was performed in all cases. Overall, postoperative mortality was nil and postoperative morbidity occurred in 17 patients (81%), including 3 with severe complications (14%). No patient developed postoperative biliary fistula. In the 21 patients followed at least 6 months, no biliary complications occurred, and no tumor recurrence developed on the hepaticojejunostomy/hepatic pedicle. Conclusion: Pancreaticoduodenectomy following EUS-CDS with ECE-LAMS is technically feasible with acceptable short-term postoperative outcome, including healing of biliary anastomosis.