OPINION Update on the immunobiology of Sjögren’s syndrome

Recent findings In recent years, genetic studies have confirmed the importance of aberrant type I interferon (IFN) and B cell responses in pSS and highlighted critical pathways involved in disease pathogenesis. In particular, the formation of ectopic lymphoid structures has emerged as an important factor in the establishment of chronic autoimmune responses in target organs. Interestingly, recent studies on viral infection in the context of pSS, as well as findings on the contribution of salivary gland epithelial cells in local immune responses, offer further clues to understand pSS etiology and its target organ specificity. Finally, new evidence brings T cells and natural killer cells under renewed attention as possible important contributors to pSS pathogenesis.